Brand experience pdf Canterbury

brand experience pdf

(PDF) Building Behavioural Intentions in Automotive A Review of the Literature on Brand Loyalty and Customer Loyalty Faridah Ishak Graduate School of Business Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Brand Loyalty in marketing has been associated with a posi6tive perception by consumers towards the closely to the use experience as it cannot exist without prior purchase and use experience.

Brand Experience Solution RizePoint Solutions

Brand Experience o Experiencia de Marca – marketingdemocratico. Consumer experience – The new brand imperative. 1. CONSUMER EXPERIENCE. THE NEW BRAND IMPERATIVE. The battle for Canada’s consumers continues to rage. Canadian consumer-facing businesses, new market entrants and global online giants are locked in a fierce struggle for consumers’ attention, loyalty and wallet., Brand Experience strategic brand development company for the world’s best brands and most exciting emerging talents. We pride ourselves on building strong, long-term partnerships with our client’s thanks to a passionate, creative and committed work ethos across all of our divisions..

Brand Experience o Experiencia de Marca. Publicado por alexcabre en 15 de enero, 2010. El mes pasado me invitaron a dar una charla en la UAB sobre Experiencia de Marca, la semana pasada un amigo mío, y responsable de medios de una de las mayores empresas de alimentación mundial me decía “ya no hablamos de medios, Consumer experience – The new brand imperative. 1. CONSUMER EXPERIENCE. THE NEW BRAND IMPERATIVE. The battle for Canada’s consumers continues to rage. Canadian consumer-facing businesses, new market entrants and global online giants are locked in a fierce struggle for consumers’ attention, loyalty and wallet.

Brand Identity & Experience Time to get hands-on! Just like a LEGO product, we’d like you to build your very own LEGO Brand Identity & Experience. Follow the building instructions the fi rst time you build your model, as this will give you a further understanding of what constituent parts make up the LEGO Brand Identity & Experience. Brand experience also teaches us what our audiences value. And increasingly, they’re valuing experiences over consumption. To better understand how marketers see brand experience in the context of the overall marketing mix, we commissioned SSI to 1 INSIGTS BRAND EXPERIENCE: A NEW ERA IN MARKETING.

04/10/2019 · Brand experience is a term used to describe the total impression of a potential consumer of a brand. There is no physical entity that can be identified as brand experience. The term refers to the total experience of the brand, which may come from advertisements, actual use, reporting, or other 01/02/2018 · Customer experience and/or experience design have emerged as a discipline that many agencies, especially digital ones, are moving to offer but, Faris Yakob warns, experience cannot entirely replace brand communications. In a recent interview, the …

Defining and implementing brand and customer experience strategy is not a simple task. Customer experience is defined as how customers perceive their interactions with your brand. If your customer experience doesn’t consistently deliver on that promise, then you have a problem. Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation

1 J. JoЕЎko Brakus Bernd H. Schmitt Lia Zarantonello* Brand Experience: What is It? How do We Measure It? And Does It Affect Loyalty? *J. JoЕЎko Brakus is Assistant Professor of Marketing at William E. Simon Graduate School of 1 J. JoЕЎko Brakus Bernd H. Schmitt Lia Zarantonello* Brand Experience: What is It? How do We Measure It? And Does It Affect Loyalty? *J. JoЕЎko Brakus is Assistant Professor of Marketing at William E. Simon Graduate School of

Brand image has been studied extensively since the 20th century due to its importance in building brand equity. Customer satisfaction refers to ’ general evaluation of the overall shopping experience of some customers specific product or service [22]. According to Oliver The Impact of Brand Image on Consumer Behavior: Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation

The Impact of Experiential Marketing on the Customer’s Perception of a Brand’s Essence Autoria: Cristiane Vasconcelos Aronne, Maria Celeste Reis Lobo de Vasconcelos thoughts towards a brand, after going through a brand experience, is especially relevant for Brand Identity & Experience Time to get hands-on! Just like a LEGO product, we’d like you to build your very own LEGO Brand Identity & Experience. Follow the building instructions the fi rst time you build your model, as this will give you a further understanding of what constituent parts make up the LEGO Brand Identity & Experience.

Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation We partner with clients to uncover their story, and use that story to design and build an engaging experience that inspires people to act.

Learn how to optimize brand experience for your organization. What Is Brand Experience? Brand experience is a function of marketing that integrates a comprehensive collection of circumstances to elicit emotions and positive feelings from consumers. Brand experience shapes the way customers feel towards a product or business. Brand experience is how you take control of your most important asset and optimize it to identify new opportunities for growth, attract new customers and drive loyalty and spend. Our easy-to-use tools help you monitor your brand, your market, and your competitors to make it easy to find breakthrough insights to turn your brand into a religion.

brand experience as four dimensions of brand experience. Following Huang et al. (2015), this study employs sensory, cognitive and affective experience as three dimensions of brand experience. According to Hulten (2011), brand sensory experience represents customers … Brand Experience o Experiencia de Marca. Publicado por alexcabre en 15 de enero, 2010. El mes pasado me invitaron a dar una charla en la UAB sobre Experiencia de Marca, la semana pasada un amigo mío, y responsable de medios de una de las mayores empresas de alimentación mundial me decía “ya no hablamos de medios,

Brand Experience – A study on how to design for targeted service brand experiences 2 experiences(and(thus(develop stronger( service Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand's design and identity, packaging, communications, and environments. Brand experience affects satisfaction, trust and loyalty. From the customer viewpoint, brands are relationship builders.

Brand Experience NTNU. Brand Experience: cómo optimizar la experiencia de marca IDEAS CLAVE. Taller multiexperiencial en el que podrás aprender a comprender el impacto de las emociones en las decisiones de compra y cómo construir una experiencia de marca., 22/05/2017 · Brand Experience There are a wide range of activities that take place in the physical and digital worlds that could accurately be described as brand experiences, including experiential stunts, corporate events, employee/consumer interactions in-store or ….

Brand Experience Planning

brand experience pdf

Brand Experience NTNU. 30/05/2016В В· The 2017 Freeman Global Brand Experience Study confirmed what those of us in the industry know to be true: Brand experience is more central to the marketer's role today than it was in the past. Brand Experience: A New Era in Marketing discusses key research findings, such as: Which goals brand experience is effective at achieving, A Review of the Literature on Brand Loyalty and Customer Loyalty Faridah Ishak Graduate School of Business Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Brand Loyalty in marketing has been associated with a posi6tive perception by consumers towards the closely to the use experience as it cannot exist without prior purchase and use experience..

The role of customer brand engagement and brand experience

brand experience pdf

[PDF] Brand Experience What is it? How is it Measured. In today’s experience economy, brand power comes not only from the direct experience the customer has with your company, but also from the meticulous work that happens before the customer even steps foot in the door. Learn more about best practices in Brand Experience management in this free whitepaper. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brand_experience brand experience as four dimensions of brand experience. Following Huang et al. (2015), this study employs sensory, cognitive and affective experience as three dimensions of brand experience. According to Hulten (2011), brand sensory experience represents customers ….

brand experience pdf

  • The concept of brand experience SpringerLink
  • The Brand Experience Stories told in immersive experiences

  • experience analogous to the commercial brand experience. The results, obtained through a survey of employees from different sectors and job levels, demonstrate the positive impact of the three types of experience described on affective com-mitment. A positive experience of the … that can be developed through brand experience, brand personality, and brand prestige. Keywords: coffeehouse, brand experience, brand personality, brand prestige, brand relationship quality, brand loyalty INTRODUCTION Strategic brand management has been considered as the key to the development of competitive advantage over rivals.

    Economic value has moved beyond delivering quality services to include distinctive brand experiences. Brand experiences are vital in developing brand loyalty and achieving business sustainability. Business performance, in particular, is influenced by The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the customer-brand engagement influences the brand satisfaction and the brand loyalty in an online banking context. It further explores the role of the online brand experience as a mediating variable amidst the relationship of customer-brand engagement with brand satisfaction and brand

    Brand Experience strategic brand development company for the world’s best brands and most exciting emerging talents. We pride ourselves on building strong, long-term partnerships with our client’s thanks to a passionate, creative and committed work ethos across all of our divisions. A brand is no longer a marketing confection, sustained by persuasive advertising. Rather, a brand is what a brand does. It is what customers experience. This 2015 analysis of the UK shows we are moving rapidly into the second great age of branding: the era of experience branding. This is the sixth time The Customer Experience

    In today’s experience economy, brand power comes not only from the direct experience the customer has with your company, but also from the meticulous work that happens before the customer even steps foot in the door. Learn more about best practices in Brand Experience management in this free whitepaper. 1 J. Joško Brakus Bernd H. Schmitt Lia Zarantonello* Brand Experience: What is It? How do We Measure It? And Does It Affect Loyalty? *J. Joško Brakus is Assistant Professor of Marketing at William E. Simon Graduate School of

    The Impact of Experiential Marketing on the Customer’s Perception of a Brand’s Essence Autoria: Cristiane Vasconcelos Aronne, Maria Celeste Reis Lobo de Vasconcelos thoughts towards a brand, after going through a brand experience, is especially relevant for 19/11/2019 · Abstract Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand's design and identity, packaging, communications, and environments. The authors distinguish several experience dimensions and construct a brand experience scale that

    for brand experience. This means that interaction and brand experience moderately explain 30% and 32.9% of the endogenous latent variables. The inner model suggests that interaction has the strongest effect on brand experience (0.574) followed by interaction on brand love (0.314) and brand experience on brand love (0.306). Economic value has moved beyond delivering quality services to include distinctive brand experiences. Brand experiences are vital in developing brand loyalty and achieving business sustainability. Business performance, in particular, is influenced by

    A Study of Brand Preference: An Experiential View A Thesis Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By brand attributes and appearance on brand preference are partially mediated by brand 2.4 Brand Experience ----- - 37 - 2.4.1 Brand Experience Dimensions that can be developed through brand experience, brand personality, and brand prestige. Keywords: coffeehouse, brand experience, brand personality, brand prestige, brand relationship quality, brand loyalty INTRODUCTION Strategic brand management has been considered as the key to the development of competitive advantage over rivals.

    16/06/2009В В· In sum, we need to develop the brand-experience construct conceptually, and I urge us all to do so. That is not an easy task. Unlike other brand concepts and measurement scales, which we took from psychology and subsequently transferred to brand research, the concept of brand experience requires a broader, more inter-disciplinary research approach. The ultimate goal is a stronger, more consistent, unified visual presentation of the IEEE brand. By downloading any the Toolkit's contents, users are agreeing to abide by the IEEE Master Brand and Brand Identity Toolkit Agreement. Please note: Some PDF files may not render correctly if

    Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand's design and identity, packaging, communications, and environments. Brand experience affects satisfaction, trust and loyalty. From the customer viewpoint, brands are relationship builders. Customer brand experience need not be surprising; in fact, it can be unexpected or it can be expected and anticipated. Also, customer brand experience occurs whenever there has been an interaction with the brand, either direct or indirect. Customer brand experience does not need to …

    Brand experience has been gaining increased importance in marketing literature, as marketers consider it a vital strategy in building long term consumer-brand relationship. This study attempts to do a comprehensive assessment and synthesis of academic literature on brand experience. 11/08/2017 · In the world of brand experience, the technology that helps us to advance our narratives is evolving at breakneck speed. It seems like every week we hear about a new device or application that promises to revolutionize the industry and open new doors to engagement. For marketers, it’s a pretty

    22/05/2017 · Brand Experience There are a wide range of activities that take place in the physical and digital worlds that could accurately be described as brand experiences, including experiential stunts, corporate events, employee/consumer interactions in-store or … 01/02/2018 · Customer experience and/or experience design have emerged as a discipline that many agencies, especially digital ones, are moving to offer but, Faris Yakob warns, experience cannot entirely replace brand communications. In a recent interview, the …

    Brand experiences in service organizations Exploring the

    brand experience pdf

    The Impact of Experiential Marketing on the Customer’s. We partner with clients to uncover their story, and use that story to design and build an engaging experience that inspires people to act., 22/06/2012 · Experience has been examined in different contexts and at various stages of the consumer life cycle, resulting in constructs such as consumption experience (Holbrook and Hirschman, 1982), service experience (Hui and Bateson, 1991), shopping experience (Kerin et al, 1992), product experience , customer experience (Gentile et al, 2007) and brand experience (Brakus et al, 2009)..

    What is brand experience? WARC

    The Impact of Experiential Marketing on the Customer’s. 22/04/2013 · The more compelling the experience, the faster you will build brand loyalty. In fact, the experience you build becomes your brand in your customers’ minds. You must think about both the totality of the experience as well as the tonality. The right combination will make the experience unique to your brand and motivating for your customers., Find out what brand experience means and how to create a lasting impression with customers. Think about ways to offer memorable interactions for potential customers. A highly trained and empathetic customer service team can create a brand experience powerful ….

    BXP, Brand Experience Magazine, elevates the value of innovative and collaborative brand design as a strategic business competence across the omni-channel path to purchase, to ultimately help brands deliver more relevant experiences that connect with shoppers, win at shelf, own the moment of sale and maximize brand loyalty. A Review of the Literature on Brand Loyalty and Customer Loyalty Faridah Ishak Graduate School of Business Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Brand Loyalty in marketing has been associated with a posi6tive perception by consumers towards the closely to the use experience as it cannot exist without prior purchase and use experience.

    Learn how to optimize brand experience for your organization. What Is Brand Experience? Brand experience is a function of marketing that integrates a comprehensive collection of circumstances to elicit emotions and positive feelings from consumers. Brand experience shapes the way customers feel towards a product or business. 04/10/2019В В· Brand experience is a term used to describe the total impression of a potential consumer of a brand. There is no physical entity that can be identified as brand experience. The term refers to the total experience of the brand, which may come from advertisements, actual use, reporting, or other

    Brand Experience – A study on how to design for targeted service brand experiences 2 experiences(and(thus(develop stronger( service The Impact of Experiential Marketing on the Customer’s Perception of a Brand’s Essence Autoria: Cristiane Vasconcelos Aronne, Maria Celeste Reis Lobo de Vasconcelos thoughts towards a brand, after going through a brand experience, is especially relevant for

    Want to create an inspiring consumer experience with your brand, but need a little inspiration? This RetailOasis whitepaper is dedicated to those retailers from around the world creating inspiring store experiences, engaging digital environments and immersive … Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand’s design and …

    The ultimate goal is a stronger, more consistent, unified visual presentation of the IEEE brand. By downloading any the Toolkit's contents, users are agreeing to abide by the IEEE Master Brand and Brand Identity Toolkit Agreement. Please note: Some PDF files may not render correctly if A brand is no longer a marketing confection, sustained by persuasive advertising. Rather, a brand is what a brand does. It is what customers experience. This 2015 analysis of the UK shows we are moving rapidly into the second great age of branding: the era of experience branding. This is the sixth time The Customer Experience

    experience analogous to the commercial brand experience. The results, obtained through a survey of employees from different sectors and job levels, demonstrate the positive impact of the three types of experience described on affective com-mitment. A positive experience of the … for the brand experience industry, and how this will affect marketers, exhibitors, clients, and attendees. We will use these findings to plan our own future and leadership, and we encourage you and your organization to do the same. An Introduction to Our Future-Focused Initiative

    brand experience as four dimensions of brand experience. Following Huang et al. (2015), this study employs sensory, cognitive and affective experience as three dimensions of brand experience. According to Hulten (2011), brand sensory experience represents customers … A Review of the Literature on Brand Loyalty and Customer Loyalty Faridah Ishak Graduate School of Business Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Brand Loyalty in marketing has been associated with a posi6tive perception by consumers towards the closely to the use experience as it cannot exist without prior purchase and use experience.

    that can be developed through brand experience, brand personality, and brand prestige. Keywords: coffeehouse, brand experience, brand personality, brand prestige, brand relationship quality, brand loyalty INTRODUCTION Strategic brand management has been considered as the key to the development of competitive advantage over rivals. Brand image has been studied extensively since the 20th century due to its importance in building brand equity. Customer satisfaction refers to ’ general evaluation of the overall shopping experience of some customers specific product or service [22]. According to Oliver The Impact of Brand Image on Consumer Behavior:

    30/05/2016В В· The 2017 Freeman Global Brand Experience Study confirmed what those of us in the industry know to be true: Brand experience is more central to the marketer's role today than it was in the past. Brand Experience: A New Era in Marketing discusses key research findings, such as: Which goals brand experience is effective at achieving Brand Experience: vivir la experiencia de marca. Es esencial no dejar de lado que las marcas son emociones, sentimientos capaces de generar todo tipo de estГ­mulos hasta lograr que el consumidor se sienta plenamente involucrado y protagonista de una experiencia inolvidable.

    04/10/2019В В· Brand experience is a term used to describe the total impression of a potential consumer of a brand. There is no physical entity that can be identified as brand experience. The term refers to the total experience of the brand, which may come from advertisements, actual use, reporting, or other Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation

    (PDF) Impact of brand experience on loyalty Chuan Huat

    brand experience pdf

    Define and Measure Customer Brand Experience. brand experience as four dimensions of brand experience. Following Huang et al. (2015), this study employs sensory, cognitive and affective experience as three dimensions of brand experience. According to Hulten (2011), brand sensory experience represents customers …, We produce and design Fashion Shows, Film Premieres, Press Events and End-to-End Film Creation. We pride ourselves on our original ideas and our ability to push boundaries. MBC is a professional Experiential Marketing & Brand Experience Agency in London. MBC - One of the best Brand Experience & Experiential Marketing Agencies..

    Brand Experience – Optimize Consumer Involvement Canto

    brand experience pdf

    J. Jo˘sko Brakus Bernd H. Schmitt & Lia Zarantonello. Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand's design and identity, packaging, communications, and environments. Brand experience affects satisfaction, trust and loyalty. From the customer viewpoint, brands are relationship builders. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brand_experience for brand experience. This means that interaction and brand experience moderately explain 30% and 32.9% of the endogenous latent variables. The inner model suggests that interaction has the strongest effect on brand experience (0.574) followed by interaction on brand love (0.314) and brand experience on brand love (0.306)..

    brand experience pdf


    Brand Experience o Experiencia de Marca. Publicado por alexcabre en 15 de enero, 2010. El mes pasado me invitaron a dar una charla en la UAB sobre Experiencia de Marca, la semana pasada un amigo mío, y responsable de medios de una de las mayores empresas de alimentación mundial me decía “ya no hablamos de medios, Consumer experience – The new brand imperative. 1. CONSUMER EXPERIENCE. THE NEW BRAND IMPERATIVE. The battle for Canada’s consumers continues to rage. Canadian consumer-facing businesses, new market entrants and global online giants are locked in a fierce struggle for consumers’ attention, loyalty and wallet.

    04/10/2019В В· Brand experience is a term used to describe the total impression of a potential consumer of a brand. There is no physical entity that can be identified as brand experience. The term refers to the total experience of the brand, which may come from advertisements, actual use, reporting, or other The Path to Better Connections An Explanation Key Inputs Brand Experience Plan Proving the Path 10. Brand Experience Plan Input and Output Experience Planning Brand Behavior Interactive Landscape Consumer Forensics Success Metrics Strategic Opportunities Brand Planning Choke Points & Barriers Creative Focus & Deliverables 11.

    The ultimate goal is a stronger, more consistent, unified visual presentation of the IEEE brand. By downloading any the Toolkit's contents, users are agreeing to abide by the IEEE Master Brand and Brand Identity Toolkit Agreement. Please note: Some PDF files may not render correctly if Brand experience is conceptualized as sensations, feelings, cognitions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli that are part of a brand's design and identity, packaging, communications, and environments. Brand experience affects satisfaction, trust and loyalty. From the customer viewpoint, brands are relationship builders.

    30/05/2016В В· The 2017 Freeman Global Brand Experience Study confirmed what those of us in the industry know to be true: Brand experience is more central to the marketer's role today than it was in the past. Brand Experience: A New Era in Marketing discusses key research findings, such as: Which goals brand experience is effective at achieving The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the customer-brand engagement influences the brand satisfaction and the brand loyalty in an online banking context. It further explores the role of the online brand experience as a mediating variable amidst the relationship of customer-brand engagement with brand satisfaction and brand

    Brand Experience – A study on how to design for targeted service brand experiences 2 experiences(and(thus(develop stronger( service 11/08/2017 · In the world of brand experience, the technology that helps us to advance our narratives is evolving at breakneck speed. It seems like every week we hear about a new device or application that promises to revolutionize the industry and open new doors to engagement. For marketers, it’s a pretty

    Consumer experience – The new brand imperative. 1. CONSUMER EXPERIENCE. THE NEW BRAND IMPERATIVE. The battle for Canada’s consumers continues to rage. Canadian consumer-facing businesses, new market entrants and global online giants are locked in a fierce struggle for consumers’ attention, loyalty and wallet. BXP, Brand Experience Magazine, elevates the value of innovative and collaborative brand design as a strategic business competence across the omni-channel path to purchase, to ultimately help brands deliver more relevant experiences that connect with shoppers, win at shelf, own the moment of sale and maximize brand loyalty.

    Brand Experience o Experiencia de Marca. Publicado por alexcabre en 15 de enero, 2010. El mes pasado me invitaron a dar una charla en la UAB sobre Experiencia de Marca, la semana pasada un amigo mío, y responsable de medios de una de las mayores empresas de alimentación mundial me decía “ya no hablamos de medios, Brand Experience.pdf - Google Drive Sign in

    Brand experience, direct mail communication, trust and attitudes toward advertising are major antecedents of customers’ satisfaction for a brand and satisfied customers may buy more, accept higher prices and have a positive word-of-mouth effect. Want to create an inspiring consumer experience with your brand, but need a little inspiration? This RetailOasis whitepaper is dedicated to those retailers from around the world creating inspiring store experiences, engaging digital environments and immersive …

    In today’s experience economy, brand power comes not only from the direct experience the customer has with your company, but also from the meticulous work that happens before the customer even steps foot in the door. Learn more about best practices in Brand Experience management in this free whitepaper. BXP, Brand Experience Magazine, elevates the value of innovative and collaborative brand design as a strategic business competence across the omni-channel path to purchase, to ultimately help brands deliver more relevant experiences that connect with shoppers, win at shelf, own the moment of sale and maximize brand loyalty.

    30/05/2016В В· The 2017 Freeman Global Brand Experience Study confirmed what those of us in the industry know to be true: Brand experience is more central to the marketer's role today than it was in the past. Brand Experience: A New Era in Marketing discusses key research findings, such as: Which goals brand experience is effective at achieving Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation

    that can be developed through brand experience, brand personality, and brand prestige. Keywords: coffeehouse, brand experience, brand personality, brand prestige, brand relationship quality, brand loyalty INTRODUCTION Strategic brand management has been considered as the key to the development of competitive advantage over rivals. Brand Experiences and Relationship in Contributing to Brand Equity for Services By Lai-cheung Leung Branding today is conceived as a co-creation process during which brand equity is created through interactions among the stakeholders and personalized consumer experience is an important branding practice for value creation and differentiation